"A solar minimum appears to have started around the beginning of sunspot cycle 25[ in 2020]. During this current minimum, the Earth’s average temperature can fall as low as 1°C to 1.2°C below the current 1991 to 2020 average. Because of significant crop failures, governments must now provide sufficient food and warmth for their citizens as the solar minimum progresses. Between 2030 and 2050 is expected to be the time of deepest cooling."
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/a404/e4ef94179d6059440b71bf1db8a10237938d.pdf
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NOAA confirms a 'full-blown' Grand Solar Minimum
Cap Allon - Electroverse - Wed, 02 Sep 2020 16:40 UTC
"Their press releases surely won't admit it, but NOAA's PREDICTED SUNSPOT NUMBER AND RADIO FLUX data appears to show a 'full-blown' Grand Solar Minimum running from the late-2020s to at least the 2040s."
https://www.sott.net/article/440781-NOAA-confirms-a-full-blown-Grand-Solar-Minimum
See NOAA's up-to-date data on their site: https://www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/predicted-sunspot-number-and-radio-flux
The coming Grand Solar Minimum will bring about temperatures similar to those of the Maunder and Dalton minimums of the "Little Ice Age".
From NIH.gov: "The reduction of a terrestrial temperature during the next 30 years can have important implications for different parts of the planet on growing vegetation, agriculture, food supplies, and heating needs in both Northern and Southern hemispheres. This global cooling during the upcoming grand solar minimum 1 (2020–2053) can offset for three decades any signs of global warming and would require inter-government efforts to tackle problems with heat and food supplies for the whole population of the Earth." - https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7575229/
See also https://electroverse.co/11-scientific-predictions-for-the-upcoming-grand-solar-minimum/
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Modern Grand Solar Minimum will lead to terrestrial cooling
Valentina Zharkova
In this editorial I will demonstrate with newly discovered solar activity proxy-magnetic field that the Sun has entered into the modern Grand Solar Minimum (2020–2053) that will lead to a significant reduction of solar magnetic field and activity like during Maunder minimum leading to noticeable reduction of terrestrial temperature.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7575229/
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What to expect in a Grand Solar Minimum. How does an increase in galactic cosmic rays affect the Earth’s climate and also tectonic activity?
https://abruptearthchanges.com/2018/01/14/climate-change-grand-solar-minimum-and-cosmic-rays/
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Gradual onset of the Maunder Minimum revealed by high-precision carbon-14 analyses
09 March 2021
The Sun exhibits centennial-scale activity variations and sometimes encounters grand solar minimum when solar activity becomes extremely weak and sunspots disappear for several decades. Such an extreme weakening of solar activity could cause severe climate, causing massive reductions in crop yields in some regions. During the past decade, the Sun’s activity has tended to decline, raising concerns that the Sun might be heading for the next grand minimum.